Virtual Agronomist - an AI-assisted chatbot for guiding crop management decisions of smallholder farmers in Africa.
Shepherd KD, Miller MAE, Kisitu B, Miles BG, Gbedevi K, Chunga PZ, Wairimu Thuo AG, Musiiwa RF, Gyampo ED, Cross M, Dobermann A and Collinson J
2025
Mid-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy for Estimation of Soil Properties of Alfisols from Eastern India. Sustainability 14: 4883.
Hati, K.M. Sinha, N., ..., Shepherd, K, Patra, A.K., Chaudhari, S.K.
2022
Spatial approach for diagnosis of yield-limiting nutrients in smallholder agroecosystem landscape using population-based farm survey data. PLoS ONE 17(2): e0262754.
Ichami, S.M., Karuku, G.N., Sila, A., Ayuke, F.O., Shepherd, K.D.
2022
Accounting for analytical and proximal soil sensing errors in digital soil mapping. European Journal of Soil Science 73: e13226.
Takoutsing, B., Heuvelink, G.B.M., Stoorvogel, J.J., Shepherd, K.D. & Aynekulu, E.
2022
Changes in organic carbon to clay ratios in different soils and land uses in England and Wales over time. Scientific Reports 12: 5162.
Prout, J.M., Shepherd, K.D., McGrath, S.P., Kirk, GJD, Hassall, K.L. & Haefele, S.M.
2022
Assessment of essential micronutrient levels in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Kenya by total reflection X-ray fluorescence. X-ray Spectrometry 2022: 1-6.
Nguli, M., Gatari, M.J., Shepherd, K., Njenga, L., & Boman, J.
2022
A global soil spectral calibration library and estimation service. Soil Security 7: 100061.
Shepherd, K.D., Ferguson, R., Hoover, D., van Egmond, F., Sanderman, J., & Ge, Y.
2022
Continental-scale controls on soil organic carbon across sub-Saharan Africa. SOIL, 7, 305–332.
von Fromm,S.F., Hoyt, A.M., Acquah, G.E., Aynekulu, E., Berhe, A.A., Haefele, S.M., Lange, M., McGrath, S.P., Shepherd, K.D., Sila, A.M., Six, J., Towett, E.K., Trumbore, S.E.,Vågen, T-G., Weullow, E., Winowiecki, L.A., Doetter, S
2021
African Soil Properties and Nutrients Mapped at 30--m Spatial Resolution usingTwo-scale Ensemble Machine Learning. Sci Rep 11, 6130 (2021).
Hengl, T., Miller, M., Krizan, J., Shepherd, K., Sila, A., Kilibarda, M., ... & Crouch, J
2021
108222
Johnson, J-M, Sila, A., Senthilkumar, K., Shepherd, K.D., Saito, K. 2021. Application of infrared spectroscopy for estimation of concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in rice in sub-Saharan Africa. Field Crops Research 270
2021
No changes in soil organic carbon and nitrogen following long-term prescribed burning and livestock exclusion in the Sudan- savanna woodlands of Burkina Faso. Basic & Applied Ecology56: 165-175.
Betemariam, E. Sileshi, G.W., Rosenstock, T.S., van Noordwijk, M., Tsegaye D., Koala, J., Sawadogo, L., Milne, E., de Leeuw J., and Shepherd K
2021
The central African soil spectral library: a new soil infrared repository and a geographical prediction analysis. SOIL, 7, 693–715.
Summerauer, L., Baumann, P., Ramirez-Lopez, L., …, Shepherd, K., … Six, J.
2021
Estimation of soil properties with mid-infrared soil spectroscopy across yam production landscapes in West Africa. SOIL (in press)
Baumann, P., Lee, J., Frossard, E., … Shepherd, K., … Six, J.
2021
Continental-scale controls on soil organic carbon across sub-Saharan Africa. SOIL, 7,305–332.
von Fromm, S.F., Hoyt, A.M., Acquah, G.E., Aynekulu, E., Berhe, A.A., Haefele, S.M., Lange, M., McGrath, S.P., Shepherd, K.D., Sila, A.M., Six, J., Towett, E.K., Trumbore, S.E.,Vågen, T-G., Weullow, E., Winowiecki, L.A., Doetter, S
2021
African soil properties and nutrients mapped at 30 m spatial resolution using two-scale ensemble machine learning. Scientific Reports11, 6130.
Hengl, T., Miller, M.A.E., Križan, J. et al
2021
The central African soil spectral library: a new soil infrared repository and a geographical prediction analysis. SOIL 7, 693–715.
Summerauer, l. Baumann, P, Ramirez-Lopez L., …. Shepherd K., …. Six, J.
2021
Para-organic Intensification of Future Farming as alternative concept to reactor-based staple food production in Africa. Organic Agriculture 11: 209–215.
Neuhoff, D., Kwesiga, J
2021
Dynamics of Human–Water Interactions in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania: Insights from Farmers' Aspirations and Decisions in an Uncertain Environment. The European Journal of Development Research 33: 980–999.
Höllermann, B., Näschen K., Tibanyendela N., Kwesiga, J., Evers, M
2021
Genetic diversity and population structure of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. germplasm collected from Togo based on DArT markers. Genes 12 (1451): 1– 14.
Gbedevi, K. M., Boukar, O., Ishikawa, H., Abe, A., Ongom, P. O., Unachukwu, N., Rabbi, I. and Fatokun, C
2021
iSDAsoil: The first continent-scale soil property map at 30 m resolution provides a soil information revolution for Africa. PL O S Biology 19: e3001441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001441(https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001441)
Miller, M.A.E., Shepherd, K.D., Kisitu, B., Collinson, J.
2021
Soil and farm management effects on yield and nutrient concentrations of food crops in East Africa. Science of the Total Environment 716: 137078.
Fischer, S., Hilger, T., Piepho, H-P., Jordan, I., Karungi, J. Towett, E., Shepherd, K., Cadisch, G
2020
A Knowledge Brokering Framework for Integrated Landscape Management. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 4:13.
McGonigle DF, Nodari GR, Phillips R, Aynekulu E, Estrada Carmona N, Jones S, Koziell I, Luedeling E, Remans R, Shepherd K, Wiberg D, Whitney C and Zhang W
2020
Project Evaluation using Bayesian Networks (PEBN): Prioritizing agricultural development investments under climatic and socio-political risk. PLoS ONE 15(6): e0234213.
Yet, B., Lamanna, C., Shepherd, K., Rosenstock, T
2020
Additional links:
Mineral–nutrient relationships in African soils assessed using cluster analysis of X-ray powder diffraction patterns and compositional methods. Geoderma 375 (2020) 114474.
Butler, B.M., Palarea-Albaladejo, J., Shepherd, K.D., Nyambura, K.M., Towett, E.K., Sila, A.M., Hillier, S
2020
What is a good level of soil organic matter? An index based on organic carbon to clay ratio. European Journal of Soil Science 2020:1-11.
Prout, J.M., Shepherd, K.D. McGrath, S.P., Kirk, G.J.D., Haefele, S.M
2020
Comprehensive nutrient analysis in agricultural organic amendments through non-destructive assays using machine learning. PLoS ONE 15(12): e0242821.
Towett, E.K., Drake, L.B., Acquah, G.E., Haefele, S.M., McGrath, S.P., Shepherd, K.D
2020
Rice Yield Gaps in Smallholder Systems of the Kilombero Floodplain in Tanzania. Agronomy 10(8): 1135.
Kwesiga, J., Grotelüschen, K., Senthilkumar, K., Neuhoff, D., Döring, T.F., Becker, M
2020
Effect of organic amendments on the productivity of rainfed lowland rice in the Kilombero floodplain of Tanzania. Agronomy 10(9): 1280.
Kwesiga, J., Grotelüschen, K., Senthilkumar, K., Neuhoff, D., Döring, T.F., Becker, M
2020
Genetic diversity and population structure analyses of wild relatives and cultivated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) from Senegal using simple sequence repeat markers. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 39: 112–124.
Sarr, A., Bodian, A., Gbedevi, K. M., Ndir, K. N., Ajewole, O. O., Gueye, B., Foncéka, D., Diop, E. A. M. C., Diop, B. M., Cissé, N. and Diouf, D
2020
Pre-treatment of soil X-ray powder diffraction data for cluster analysis. Geoderma 337: 413-424.
Butler BM, Sila AM, Shepherd KD, Nyambura M, Gilmore CJ, Kourkoumelis N, Hillier S
2019
Improving development efficiency through decision analysis: Reservoir protection in Burkina Faso. Environmental Modelling & Software:115: 164-175.
Lanzanova D, Whitney C, Shepherd K, Luedeling E
2019
Additional links:
Fertilizer response and nitrogen use efficiency in African smallholder maize farms. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 113: 1–19. DOI 10.1007/s10705-018-9958-y
Ichami, SM, Shepherd KD, Sila AM, Stoorvogel JJ and Hoffland E
2019
Near-infrared, mid-infrared or combined diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for assessing soil fertility in rice fields in sub-Saharan Africa. Geoderma 354: 113840.
Johnson, J.M., Vandamme, E., Senthilkumard, K., Sila, A., and Shepherd, K.D., Saito, K.
2019
Readily available concentrations of selected micronutrients and harmful metals in soils of Sub-Saharan Africa. Geoderma 347: 203 – 209.
Keskinena, R., Nyambura, M.,1 Heikkinen, J., Sila, A., Eurola, M., Towett, E., Shepherd, K., Esala, M
2019
A Planetary Health Perspective on Agroforestry in Sub-Saharan Africa. One Earth 1: 330-344.
Rosenstock, T.S., Dawson, I., Aynekulu, E., Chomba, S., Degrande, A., Fornace, K., Jamnadas, R., Kimaro, A., Kindt, R., Lamanna, C., Malesu, M., Mausch, K., McMullin, S., Murage, P., Namoi, N., Njenga, M., Nyoka, I., Valencia, A.M.P., Sola, P., Shepherd, K., and Steward, P
2019
Additional links:
Forest restoration: Overlooked constraints. Science 366 (6463): 315. DOI: 10.1126/science.aay7988
Luedeling, E., Börner, J., Amelung, W., Schiffers, K., Shepherd, K, and Rosenstock, T
2019
Pre-treatment of soil X-ray powder diffraction data for cluster analysis. Geoderma 337: 413–424.
Butler, B.M., Sila, A.M., Shepherd, K.D., Nyambura, M., Gilmore, C.J., Kourkoumelis, N., Hillier, S
2019
: Site and Management Effects on Grain Yield and Yield Variability of Rainfed Lowland Rice in the Kilombero Floodplain of Tanzania. Agronomy 9(10):632.
Kwesiga, J., Grotelüschen, K., Senthilkumar, K., Neuhoff, D., Döring, T.F., Becker, M
2019
A decision analysis framework for development planning and performance measurement: application to land restoration investments. Land Degradation & Development (accepted subject to revision)
Shepherd KD, Whitney C, Luedeling E
2019
Probabilistic Decision Tools for Determining Impacts of Agricultural Development Policy on Household Nutrition, Earth's Future, 6, 359–372.
Whitney, C. W., Lanzanova, D., Muchiri, C., Shepherd, K. D., Rosenstock, T. S., Krawinkel, M., Tabuti, J. R. S., & Luedeling, E
2018
Probabilistic assessment of investment options in honey value chains in Lamu County, Kenya. Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics 4: 6-11.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fams.2018.00006()
Wafula J, Karimjee Y, Tamba Y, Malava G, Muchiri C, Koech G, De Leeuw J, Nyongesa J, Shepherd K and Luedeling E
2018
Additional links:
Evaluating regression-kriging for mid-infrared spectroscopy prediction of soil properties in western Kenya. Geoderma Regional Volume 10: 39-47. DOI 10.1016/j.geodrs.2017.04.003
Sila AM, Pokhariyal GP, Shepherd KD
2017
Landscape approach to assess key soil functional properties in the highlands of Cameroon: Repercussions of spatial relationships for land management interventions, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 178: 35-44.
Takoutsing B, Martín JAG, Weber JC, Shepherd K, Sila A, Tondoh J
2017
Additional links:
When less is more: innovations for tracking progress toward global targets. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 26–27: 54-61.
Rosenstock TS, Lamanna C, Chesterman S, Hammond J, Kadiyala S, Luedeling E, Shepherd K, DeRenzi B, van Wijk MT.
2017
Additional links:
Soil nutrient maps of Sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of soil nutrient content at 250 m spatial resolution using machine learning. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 109:77–102. DOI 10.1007/s10705-017-9870-x
Hengl T, Leenaars JGB, Shepherd KD, Walsh MG, Heuvelink GBM, Mamo T, Tilahun H, Berkhout E, Cooper M, Fegraus E, Wheeler I, Kwabena NA.
2017
Application of DRIFT-FTIR spectroscopy for quantitative prediction of simple sugars in two local and two Floridian mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars in Kenya. J. Anal. Sci. Technol. 2017;8(1):21.
Olale K, Walyambillah W, Mohammed SA, Sila A, Shepherd K.
2017
A global spectral library to characterize the world's soil. Earth-Science Reviews 155: 198-230.
Viscarra Rossel, R.A., Behrens, T., Ben-Dor, E., Brown, D.J., Demattê J.A.M., Shepherd, K.D., Shi, Z., Stenberg, B., Stevens, A., Adamchuk, V., Aïchi, H., Barthès, B.G., Bartholomeus, H.M., Bayer, A.D., Bernoux, M., Böttcher, K., Brodský, L., Du, C.W., Chappell, A., Fouad, Y., Genot, V., Gomez, C., Grunwald, S., Gubler, A., Guerrero, C., Hedley, M. Knadel, H.J.M. Morrás, M. Nocita, L. Ramirez-Lopez, P. Roudier, E.M. Rufasto Campos, C.B., Sanborn, P., Sellitto, V.M., Sudduth, K.A., Rawlins, B.G,. Walter, C., Winowiecki, L.A., Hong, S.Y., Ji, W.
2016
Additional links:
The Land-Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): mobile apps and collaboration for optimizing climate change investments. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2(3):e01209.
Herrick J. E., Beh, A., Barrios, E., Bouvier, I., Coetzee, M., Dent, D., Elias, E., Hengl, T., Karl, J.W., Liniger, H., Matuszak, J., Ne, J.C., Ndungu, L.W., Obersteiner, M., Shepherd, K.D., Urama, K.C., van den Bosch, R. and Webb, N.P.
2016
A Bayesian Network Framework for Project Cost, Benefit and Risk Analysis with an Agricultural Development Case Study. Expert Systems With Applications 60: 141–155
Yet, B., Constantinou, A., Fenton, N., Neil, M., Luedeling, E. and Shepherd, K.
2016
Assessment of soil health indicators for sustainable production of maize in smallholder farming systems in the highlands of Cameroon, Geoderma 276: 64-73. .
Takoutsing, B., Weber, J., Aynekulu, E., Rodríguez Martín, J.A., Shepherd, K., Sila, A., Tchoundjeu, Z., and Diby, L.
2016
Additional links:
Evaluating the utility of mid-infrared spectral subspaces for predicting soil properties **.** Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 153: 92–105
Sila A M, Pokhariyal G P, Shepherd K D.
2016
Estimation of wet aggregation indices using soil properties and diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy: An application of classification and regression tree analysis. Biosystems Engineering 152: 148-164.
Waruru BK, Shepherd KD, Ndegwa GM and Sila, AM.
2016
Additional links:
Decision-Focused Agricultural Research. The Solutions Journal 7: 46-54.
Luedeling E and Shepherd KD.
2016
Is conservation agriculture 'climate-smart' for maize farmers in the highlands of Tanzania? Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 105: 217–228.
Kimaro AA, Mpanda M, Rioux J, Aynekulu E, Shaba S, Thiong'o M, Mutuo P, Abwanda S, Shepherd K, Neufeldt H, Rosenstock TS
2016
Environmental implications of high metal content in soils of a titanium mining zone in Kenya. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:21431–21440. DOI 10.1007/s11356-016-7249-1
Maina DM, Ndirangu DM, Mangala MM, Boman J, Shepherd K, Gatari MJ
2016
Land health surveillance and response: a framework for evidence-informed land management. Agricultural Systems 132: 93–106.
Shepherd, K.D., Shepherd, G. Walsh, M.G
2015
Fresh groundwater for Wajir – ex-ante assessment of uncertain benefits for multiple stakeholders in a water supply project in Northern Kenya. Frontiers in Environmental Science 3: 16.
Luedeling, E., Oord, A., Kiteme, B., Ogalleh, S., Malesu, M., Shepherd, K. D., De Leeuw, J
2015
Mapping Soil Properties of Africa at 250 m Resolution: Random Forests Significantly Improve Current Predictions. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0125814. Dataset: via http://www.isric.org/data/AfSoilGrids250m()
Hengl T, Heuvelink GBM, Kempen B, Leenaars JGB, Walsh MG, Shepherd KD, et al
2015
Additional links:
Landscape-scale movement of terrestrial pyrogenic carbon following land-use change in headwaters of the White Nile watershed of East Africa. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 29,1911–1928
Guerena, D, Todd Walter, M., Enders, A., Neufeldt, H., Odiwour, H., Biwott, H., Recha, J., Shepherd, K., Barrios, E., Wurster, C
2015
Development goals should enable decision-making. Nature 523, 152-154(). DOI: 10.1038/523152a().
Shepherd K, Hubbard D, Fenton N, Claxton K, Luedeling E, De Leeuw J,
2015
Managing Soil Heterogeneity in Smallholder African Landscapes Requires a New Form of Precision Agriculture. Pp 199 – 224 in Lal R and Stewart BA. Soil Specific Farming: Precision Agriculture. Advances in Soil Science, CRC Press.
Tittonell, P., Dis, R. van, Vanlauwe,B. and Shepherd, K.D
2015
Mid-infrared and total x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy complementarity for assessment of soil properties. Soil Science Society of America Journal 79: 1375-1385.
Towett, E.K., Shepherd, K.D., Sila, A., Aynekulu, E., Cadisch, G.
2015
Total elemental composition of soils in Sub-Saharan Africa and relationship with soil forming factors. Geoderma Regional 5: 157–168()
Towett, E.K., Shepherd, K.D., Tondoh, J.E., Winowiecki, L.A., Lulseged, T., Nyambura, M., Sila, A., Vagen T-G., and Cadisch, G.
2015
Additional links:
Soil Spectroscopy: An Alternative to Wet Chemistry for Soil Monitoring. Advances in Agronomy 132: 139 – 159.
Nocita, M., Stevens, A. van Wesemael, B., Aitkenhead, M., Bachmann, M., Barthes, B., Ben Dor, E., Brown, D.J., Clairotte, M., Csorba, A., Dardenne, P., Demattê, J.A.M., Genot, V., Guerrero, C., Knadel, M., Montanarella, L., Noon, C., Ramirez-Lopez, L., Robertson, J., Sakai, H., Soriano-Disla, J.M., Shepherd, K.D., Stenberg, B., Towett, E.K, Vargas, R., Wetterlind, J.
2015
Plant elemental composition and portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectroscopy: Quantification under different analytical parameters. X-Ray Spectrometry 45: 117–124. DOI 10.1002/xrs.2678(http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/xrs.2678/full).
Towett, E.K., Drake, L., Shepherd, K.D.
2015
Targeting conservation agriculture in the context of livelihoods and landscapes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 187: 47–51
Rosenstock,T.S., Mpanda, M., Rioux J., Aynekulua, E., Kimaro, A.A., Neufeldt, H., Shepherd. K.D., Luedeling. E.
2014
Rapid estimation of soil engineering properties using diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy. Biosystems Engineering 121:177-185.
Waruru BK, Shepherd KD, Ndegwa GM, Kamoni PT, Sila AM.
2014
Soil spectroscopy: an opportunity to be seized. Global Change Biology. Article first published online. 21 Jun 2014, DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12632
Nocita M, Stevens A, van Wesemael B, Brown DJ, Shepherd KD, Towett, E, Vargas R, Montanarella L.
2014
Applicability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for determination of crude protein content in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) leaves. Food Science & Nutrition 1: 45–53.
Towett, E.K., Alex, M., Shepherd, K.D., Polreich, S., Aynekulu, E., Maass, B.L.
2013
The global Land-Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): Supporting evidence-based, site-specific land use and management through cloud computing, mobile applications, and crowdsourcing. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 68(1): 5A – 12A.
Herrick JE Urama KC, Karl JW, Boos J, Johnson MV, Shepherd KD et al.
2013
Soil Heterogeneity and Soil Fertility Gradients in Smallholder Agricultural Systems of the East African Highlands. Soil Science Society of America Journal 2013 77: 525-538
Tittonell, P., Muriuki, A., Klapwijk, C.J., Shepherd, K.D., Coe, R., Vanlauwe, B.
2013
Limitations to use of infrared spectroscopy for rapid determination of carbon-nitrogen and wood density for tropical species. Advances in Analytical Chemistry 3: 21–28. DOI: 10.5923/j.aac.20130303.01
Olale, K., Yenesew, A., Jamnadass, R., Sila, A., Aynekulu, E., Kuyah, S., Shepherd, K.
2013
Quantification of total element concentrations in soils using total X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF). Science of the Total Environment 463–464: 374–388
Towett, E.K., Shepherd, K.D, Cadisch, G.
2013
Additional links:
Do ecosystem services influence household wealth in rural Mali? Ecological Economics 82: 33–44.
King Liebenow D., Cohen M.J., Gumbricht, T., Shepherd, K.D., Shepherd, G.
2012
Organic matter stabilization in soil aggregates: Understanding the biogeochemical mechanisms that determine the fate of carbon inputs in soils. Geoderma 161: 182–193
Verchot, L.V., Dutaur, L., Shepherd, K.D., Albrecht, A.
2011
Diagnosis of Soil Nutrient Constraints in Small-scale Groundnut (Arachis hyopaea L.) Production Systems of Western Kenya Using Infrared Spectroscopy. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A1: 111–127
Muhati SI, Shepherd KD, Gachene CK, Mburu MW, Jones R, Kironchi GO and Sila A
2011
Generic prediction of soil organic carbon in Alfisols using diffuse reflectance Fourier transformed mid-infrared spectroscopy. Soil Science Society of America Journal 75: 2358–2360
Kamau-Rewe, M., Rasche, F., Cobo, J.G., Dercon, G., Shepherd, K.D., Cadisch, G.
2011
Spectral remote sensing of evaporate minerals and associated sediments in Lake Magadi area, Kenya. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 14: 22–32
Kodikara G., Woldai T., van Ruitenbeek, F., Kuriac, Z., van der Meer, F., Shepherd, K., van Hummel, J.
2011
Integrated soil fertility management: Operational definition and consequences for implementation and dissemination. Outlook on Agriculture 39(1): 17–24
Vanlauwe B, BationoA, ChianuJ, Giller KE, Merckx R, MokwunyeU, Ohiokpehai O, Pypers P, Tabo R, Shepherd K, Smaling E, Woomer PL, and Sanginga N.
2010
The diversity of rural livelihoods and their influence on soil fertility in agricultural systems of East Africa – A typology of smallholder farms. Agricultural Systems 103: 83–97
Tittonell P, Muriuki A, Shepherd KD, Mugendi D, Kaizzi KC, Okeyo J, Verchot L, Coe R, Vanlauwe B.
2010
Effects of improved fallow with Sesbania sesban on maize productivity and Striga hermonthica infestation in Western Kenya. Journal of Forestry Research 21(3): 379−386. DOI 10.1007/s11676-010-0085-0
Sjögren H, Shepherd, KD and Karlsson, A.
2010
Prediction of soil fertility properties from a globally distributed soil mid-infrared spectral library. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 74:1792–1799.
Terhoeven-Urselmans T, Vagen T-G, Spaargaren O, Shepherd KD.
2010
Rapid and Effective Soil Erosion Modeling in a Western Kenya Watershed using Near Infrared Reflectance, Classification Tree Analysis and 137Cesium. Geoderma 154: 93 - 100.
deGraffenreid JB and Shepherd KD.
2009
Digital soil map of the world. Science 325: 680-681. DOI: 10.1126/science.1175084
Sanchez P.A., Ahamed S., Carré F., Hartemink A.E., Hempel J., Huising J., Lagacherie P., McBratney A.B., McKenzie N.J., Mendonça-Santos L., Minasny B., Montanarella L., Okoth P., Palm C.A., Sachs J.D., Shepherd K.D., Vågen T-G., Vanlauwe B., Walsh M.G., Winowiecki L.A., Zhang G-L.
2009
Soil condition classification using infrared spectroscopy: a proposition for assessment of soil condition along a tropical forest-cropland chronosequence. Geoderma 143: 73-84.
Awiti AO, Walsh MG, Shepherd KD and Kinyamario J.
2008
Unravelling the effects of soil and crop management on maize productivity in smallholder agricultural systems of western Kenya--An application of classification and regression tree analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 123, Issues (1-3): 137-150. DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2007.05.005
Tittonell P, Shepherd KD, Vanlauwe B, Giller KE.
2008
The prediction of soil carbon fractions using mid-infrared-partial least square analysis. Journal of Australian Soil Research 45(2): 73–81.
Janik LJ, Skjemstad JO, Shepherd KD and Spouncer LR
2007
Global soil characterization using a VNIR diffuse reflectance library and boosted regression trees. Geoderma 132:273–290.
Brown D, Shepherd KD, Walsh MG
2006
Stable carbon isotopes for characterisation of past land use and trends in soil carbon following deforestation and land use change in the highlands of Madagascar. Geoderma 135: 133–139.
Vågen T-Gunnar, Walsh, MG and Shepherd KD
2006
Sensing landscape level change in soil quality following deforestation and conversion in the highlands of Madagascar using Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Geoderma 133: 281–294
Vågen T-Gunnar, Shepherd KD and Walsh MG
2006
Estimating the environmental costs of soil erosion at multiple scales in Kenya using emergy synthesis. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 114:249–269
Cohen MJ, Brown MT and Shepherd KD
2006
Prediction of Carbon Mineralization Rates from Different Soil Physical Fractions Using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 38:1658–1664.
Mutuo PK, Shepherd KD, Albrecht A, and Cadisch G
2006
Bio-economic evaluation of farmers' perceptions of viable farms in Western Kenya. Agricultural Systems 90: 243–271
Waithaka MM. Thornton PK, Herrero M, Shepherd KD, Ndiwa, NN
2006
Decomposition and mineralization of organic residues predicted using near infrared spectroscopy. Plant and Soil 277:315-333
Shepherd, KD, Vanlauwe B, Gachengo CN Palm CA
2005
Validation of a resource quality-based conceptual framework for organic matter management. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69:1135–1145
Vanlauwe B, Gachengo C, Shepherd KD, Barrios E, Cadisch G, Palm CA
2005
Exploring diversity in soil fertility management of smallholder farms in western Kenya II. Within-farm variability in resource allocation, nutrient flows and soil fertility status. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 110 166–184.
Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Leffelaar PA , Shepherd KD, and Giller KE.
2005
Improved application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation in tropical watersheds. Geoderma 124:235-252.
Cohen MJ, Shepherd KD, and Walsh MG
2004
Rapid characterization of organic resource quality for soil and livestock management in tropical agroecosystems using near infrared spectroscopy. Agronomy Journal 95:1314-1322.
Shepherd KD, Palm CA, Gachengo CN and Vanlauwe B
2003
Our research and technology
iSDA continues to build expertise in critical areas of agronomic research and technology development.
